Type -whiting machine



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TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

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0. SPIRO. TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

Patented Aug. 13,1895.

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- TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

No. 544,599; "Batented Aug. 13, 1895.

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0. SPIRO.

TYPE WRITING MACHINE. No. 544,599. Patented Aug. 13, 1895.

' Miiiit' (No Model.) 6 sheets sheet 6.

.fi Q: TYPE WRITING MACHINE. No. 544,599. Patented Aug, 13, 1895.

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CHARLES SPIRO, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

TYPE-WRITING MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 544,599, dated August 13, 1895.

Application filed August 11, 1894. Serial No. 520,050. (No model.)

To all whmn it may concern:

Be it known that l, CHARLES SPIRO, a citizen of the United States, residing at New York, in the county and State of New York,

writing may be exhibited without the necessity of lifting the carriage, and means for tilting or oscillating said platen; second, to provide a paper-carriage of such construction as will avoid the making of a supplemental or separate carriage within it to shift for the printing of capitals, and means for shifting said carriage back and forth'for the printing of capitals; third, to provide a type-bar hanger which will be cheaper, stronger, and one that is more easily placed upon the machine, and one which will greatly economize the space around the top of the type-bar ring.

While the above are the principal objects of-my invention, yet my improvements include other objects, which will be hereinafter specified.

My invention consists in the novel features of construction hereinafter set forth and described and more particularly pointed out in the claims hereto appended.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a right end view of my improved machine. Fig. 2 is a similar view intended to illustrate the platen-tilting mechanism. Fig. 3 is a rear view of my improved machine. Fig. 4 is a plan view of. same. Fig. 5 is a left end View intended to illustrate the carriage-shifting mechanism. Fig.6 is a view of a cross-section taken on the line mm of Fig. 3. Fig. 7 is an enlarged view of the right end of the carriage, the carriage-frame being shown in section. Fig. 8 is an enlarged view of section of the platen-turning mechanism and of section of the ribbon-spool, ribbonguide, and of type-bar hanger. Fig. 9 is an enlarged view of side of the ribbon-spool and automatic ribbon-feed mechanism, showing also the construction when two ribbon-spools are employed. Fig. 10 is a front view of same. Fig. 11 is an enlarged view of plan of type-bar hanger and its type-bars.

Like numerals and letters refer to like parts throughout the several views.

In the accompanying drawings various parts have not been illustratedsuch as the bell and bell-operating mechanism, the scales, and spacekey-as they may be of ordinary construction and form no part of the present invention. In the drawings only two type-bar hangers with their type-bars have been shown on the type-bar ring, as this number will be sufficient toillustrate the principle of my invention in this respect. All the typebar key-levers and connecting-rods have not been shown in the drawings, as they are all of similar construction as the ones hereinafter described and are assembled as in the ordinary Remington machine.

' A represents the top plate of the main frame of a type-writing machine, havinga recess in or hole through the center; B, the standards or pillars supporting the'top plate A, their lower ends forming a base for the whole machine; and O, the lower portion of said frame, containing the keyboard and other mechanism hereinafter to be described. The parts A, B, and C constitute the main frame of the machine.

1 represents standards which are in line with each other projecting upwardly from each side of thefront part of the top plate A,

and upon which the carriage-rail 2 is mounted.

3 are lugs on the outer side of each of the rear standards B, projecting rearwardly and in line with each other.

4: is a rock-shaft journaled in said lugs, having on each end an arm 5, pivotally connected to the ends of the carriage shift-rod 6.

6 denotes the side bars of the paper-carriage frame, and 7 the front and rear bars of said frame, which is of rectangular shape and has a progressive step-bystep movement, as hereinafter described. 7 denotes an outwardly-projecting edge extending around the top of said frame.

8 denotes a roller journaled on the center of the front bar of the carriage-frame and wise movement of the carriage.

adapted to travel on the rail 2. It is obvious, however, that two rollers may be used and journaled on each side of the center of the front bar of the carriage-frame, instead of the one above described, without departing from the spirit of my invention.

9 are lugs in line with each other made in the form of collars extending from the rear of the carriage-frame and loosely fitting over and around the carriage shift rod 6 and adapted to slide along on the said rod as the carriage is moved along lengthwise of the rod. The arms 5 serve as stops to limit the length- By the lugs 9 the carriage is hinged upon the rod 6, and can be turned up and back on the rod 6 as an axis whenever it is desired to get at the ribbon, keylevers, under part of the carriage, or other parts of the machine covered by the carriage.

10 is a lug extending rearwardly in the form of a hook on each side of the rear of the top plate A to form a stop for the purpose of holding the arm 5 of the rock-shaft 4 in its normal position, and at the same time permitting the forward movement of the carriage when shifted or rocked forward for the printing of capitals.

11 is a lug on each side of the side bars 6 of the carriage-frame projecting upwardly and in line with each other.

12 is a rock-shaft journaled in bearings 13 in said frame and having an arm 14 near each end rigidly connected to said shaft. These arms 14 are identical in construction and have a projection 15 extending to the rear.

16 are pins rigidly attached to and extending inwardly through the said frame and in line with each other for the purpose of limiting the downward movement of the arms 14.

17 are pins projecting upwardly from and on each side of the rear of the carriageframe and in line with each other for the purpose of limiting the upward movement of the arms 14..

18 are stop-collars for the purpose of keeping the arms 14 in proper position on the shaft 12.

19 is a rod running substantially parallel with the shaft 12' and rigidly connected to each of the arms 14. This rod may properly be called the platen-tilting rod.

20 are springs having one end attached to the arms 14 and the other end attached to the upper inside part of the lugs 11 for the purpose of assisting the return of the arms 14 to their normal position after the release of the mechanism for tilting the platen, as hereinafter set forth.

21 are pins attached to the forward ends of the arms 14 extending inwardly and substantially in line with each other and provided with friction-rollers 22.

. 23 is a lug on the side of the carriage-frame projecting upwardly and having a bearing 24 for one end of the platen-shaft.

25 is a lug on the other side of the carriageframe projecting upwardly and having a central opening 26. These lugs 23 and 25 are substantially in a line with each other.

27 is a cylindrical platen coated with rubber or other suitable material having a shaft or central core 28, the left end of which is journaled in the bearing 24, the other and right end of the platen-shaft being provided with a slotted recess 29 and a circular recess30.

31 is a hollow shaft journaled in the central opening 26 of the lug25.

2 is a shaft provided atits outer end with a bell-shaped knob 33 and near its inner end with a raised portion 34. The inner end of the shaft 32 terminates in a pin 35. The inner end of the raised portion 34 is key-shaped and-adapted to fit into the slotted recess 29 on the end of the platen-shaft. The pin 35 is adapted to fit into the circular recess 30 in the right end of the platen-shaft. The shaft 32 is splined to the shaft 31, so that it may revolve with the shaft 31, and consequently with the platen-shaft, and yet be removable therefrom. The shaft 32 passes through the center of the cylindrical projection 36 on the knob The innerend of this projection is slotted and smaller than its outer end, and is adapted to fit into the right end of the hollow shaft 31.

37 is a spring, located'between the outer end of the raised portion 34 and the projection 36, for the purpose of keeping the shaft 32 in engagement with the platen-shaft.

38 is a nut on the end of.the shaft 32 for the purpose of preventing the knob from being disengaged from the shaft 32 by the pressure of the spring 37.

The object in having the ends of the platenshaft constructed as above set forth is to provide a platen that may be easily and readily removed from the carriage and another one readily substituted, if desired, and the .object in providing the platen with the bellshaped knob and the parts between it and the right end of the platen, as above described, is to provide a ready means for rotating the platen without being obliged to take hold of the platen with the fingers. When it is clesired to remove the platen from the carriage, the nut 38 is unscrewed, the bell-shaped knob removed from engagement with the shaft 31, and the shaft 32 removed from the hollow shaft 31, to which it is splined. The right end of the platen is thus freed from engagement with the shaft 32. All that now remains to be done to remove the platen from the carriage is to remove the friction-rollers 22 from the cam-slots 45, hereinafter described, and the left end of the platen from its bearing 24. The mode of operation in putting the platen back into place on the carriage is the reverse of that in taking out.

39 and 40 are metal plates having a central circular opening from which arms 41, 42, 43, and 44 radiate. These plates are located near each end of the platen-shaft, which passes through the openings in said plates and is free to revolve therein. The arms on said FCC plates are identical in construction, except as hereinafter stated, and their corresponding parts are in a line with each other. The arms 41 are provided with cam-slots 45, in which the friction-rollers 22 on the arms 14 are adapted to travel. The arms 43 are rigidly connected by a rod 46 on which the paperguide 47 is mounted. The arms 44 are each provided with a slot 48, which form a bearing for the shaft 49 of the feed-roll 50. The feedroll is pressed against the platen by means of a spring 51, which has one end connected to a pin 52 on the end of the inner side of each of the arms 44 and the other end passed around the shaft 49. The object of this construction is to provide a feed-roll which will adjust itself automatically to the different thicknesses of paper that may be used, either when manifolding or when the paper on one end of the platen is thicker than on the other end.

53 is an extension of the arms 44, projecting upwardly and rearwardly and connected by the rod 54, which forms, in connection with the guide 55 on the paper-table or paper-shelf 56, a guide for the paper to the feed-roll 50.

57 is a key of ordinary construction on the fore end of the lever 58, and 59 a half-circle bearing in the hind end of the lever 58.

60 is a spring, one end of which is connected to lever 58 a little in front of said half-circle bearing, the other end being connected to the rear portion of the plate 0. p

61 is a pivot-rod extending from one side of the plate 0 to the other near its rear end. The half-circle bearing 59 is pressed firmly against the pivot-rod 61 by the tension of the spring 60.

62 are guide pins for the key-levers in the bar 63 extending from one side of the plateO to the other. The key 57 may be called the tilting-lever key and thelever58 the tilting lever.

64 is a rock-shaft journaled in bearings 65 on the inside of the plate 0.

66 are arms rigidly connected to saidshaft, extending toward the front of the machine and identical in structure and in line with each other.

67 are rods made preferably of thin flat metal pivotally connected with said arms 66 at the outer ends and extending upwardly.

68 are cross-pieces connecting the rods or arms 67, and 69 are braces, the said parts 67, 68, and 69 forming a framework for the support of the arm 70, which has a hook 71 atits upper end. This arm'70 may be called the tilting arm. The rods 67 are provided with a cam-shaped projection 72.

73 is a rod pivotally connected to the arm 66 and the tilting lever 58.

74 is a spring having one end connected to the arm 66 and the other end connected to the upper part of the rear standard B on the inside. The function of this spring is to return the tilting arm to its normal position after the release of the tilting-lever key 57.

75 is an arm having one end pivotally connected to the upper arm 5 of the rock-shaft 4, and the other end provided with a slot 76, adapted to move back and forth on the pin 77 on the under side of the top plate A.

78 is a friction-roller carried by the arm 75 and adapted to travel on the face of the cam 72.

79 is a spring having one end attached to the upper part of the arm 67 and the other end attached to the projection cast upon the under side of the top plate carrying the pin 77.

80is a key on the fore end of a lever 81. This key may be called the carriage-shift key.

82 is a half-circle bearing in the hind end of the lever 81.

83 is a spring having one end connected to the said lever a little in front of the pivot-rod 61, and the other end connected to rear part of the plate 0. The tension of this spring causes the half'circle bearing to press firmly against the'pivot-rod 61.

84 is a rod having its upper end pivotally connected to the arm 85 on the rock-shaft 4, and its other end pivotally connected to the lever 81. The arm 85 is acontinuation of the arm 5.

86 is a spring having its upper end attached to the under side of the top plate A, and its other end attached to thelever 81 The tension of this spring returns the carriage to its normal position after pressure on the shiftkey 80 is released. When it is desired to tilt the platen, the tilting-lever key 57 is depressed. This causes the tilting lever 58 to be depressed. This in turn causes the arm 66 to rock downwardly, the arm 66 being pivotally connected to the lever 58 by means of the rod 73. By the downward rocking of the arm 66 the framework, oonsistingof the parts 67, 68, and 69, carried by said arm and supporting the tilting arm 70, is pulled downward,and by the action of the spring 79 the said framework is pulled forward, the cam projection on the top of arm 67 moving downwardly against the friction-roller 78. The tilting arm 70 is, therefore, by the depression of the key 57 and the mechanism above described, caused to be pulled downward and forward. The hook 71 on the upper end of the arm 70 in the downward and forward movement of the latter engages or catches onto the tilting rod 19 and pulls it downward, thus forcing the friction-rollers 22 on the arms 14 to travel downward into the camslots 45, thereby causing the arms 41 to be depressed, and thus effecting the tilting of the platen until stopped by the pins 16. The

great advantage of this construction is that it saves time and it permits the operator to tilt the platen and to look at the writing without being obliged to lift the carriage, and that, too, by merely depressing a key in the keyboard With no more exertion or trouble than if he were operating the type-bars or the shift-key. When the operator desires to ICO makean erasure, instead of being obliged to lift the entire carriage, he merely has to press downwardly upon the arm 14 on the left of the carriage-frame and the writing is exposed to View. lVhen the tilting-lever key is released, the platen and the mechanism for tilting it are returned to their original posi tions by means of the tension of the springs 00, 74:, and 20. It is to be particularly noted in this connection that after the tilting of the platen the platen is and must be returned to its exact original position, otherwise the writing which follows would'be out of alignment with that which preceded the tilting of the platen. This result is effected by the arms 14 being stopped in their upward movement by the pins 17 and the friction-rollers 22 on said arms becoming jammed, so to speak, against the straight part of the upper end of the cam-slots 45.

When it is desired to shift the carriage for the printing of capitals, the shift-key 80 is depressed. This causes the shift-key lever 81 and the arm 81 pivoted to it to be depressed, thereby causing the arm 85 of the rock-shaft 1 to be rocked downwardly, and the arm 5 to be rocked forward, and the roller 8 to slide forward across the length of and on the rail 2. The entire carriage is thus shifted forward for the printing of capitals. When the shift-key is released, the carriage returns to its normal and original position by means of the springs 83 and 86, and stopped by the hooked or notched projection or lug 10.

It will be noted that the hook 71 of the tilting arm 70 when the latter is in normal position stands to the rear of and not directly above the tilting rod 19, which it is adapted to engage when the tilting key 57is depressed,

and also that normally it stands not only to the rear but above the level of the rod 70. It stands to the rear of the rod 19 in order that the latter may clear it when the carriage is turned up and back on its hinges, and it stands above the level of the rod 19 in order that it may have the opportunity during the first part of its descent to move forward far enough to bring its book 71 over and into engagement with the rod 19 by the time it reaches that level. In other words, the tilting arm only engages the rod 19 when the key 57 is depressed. At other times and when in normal position it is'disengaged from the rod and out of the path of movement pursued by the latter when the carriage for any purpose is turned up and back on its hinge. This result is attained by the use of the cam 72 in conjunction with the stud or roller 78. rod 70 is in normal position, the cam 72, by its bearing against the stud 78, holds the rod in such position that the hook is above and out of the path of the rod 19, as in full lines, Fig. 2. hen, however, the key 57 is depressed with the effect of pulling down the rod 70, the inclined face of the cam 72 travels along the roller-stud 78 and allows the rod 70 to swing forward far enough to bring the hook 71 over lVhen the the rod 19 by the time it reaches the level of the latter, as indicated by dotted lines in Fig. 2. The object of connecting the supportingbar of the roller 78 to the rocker-arm 5 is that the roller shall preserve the same relative position with respect to the cam whether the carriage be in position for upper-case or lowercase printing. Manifestly the cam 72 may be on the bar 75 and the stud 78 may be on the tilting arm 70; and I desire to be understood as including in my claim any such mere reversal of these parts.

87 is the mainspring-wheel of ordinary construction attached, as usual, by means of a leather strap 88 to the carriage.

88 is a guide-roller attached to the top plate A, over which the leather strap moves.

89 denotes the tension-ratchet, and 90 the tension-pawl, both of ordinary construction.

91 is a bail called the release-bail, extending from the under side of one side bar of the carriage-frame, around the rear of the carriage to the under side of the other side bar of the carriage-frame. This bail is pivotally connected to the side bars of the carriage-frame and held in its normal position by the tension of the spring 92 and limited in its upward movement by a suitable stopc. g., the under side of the edge 7 of the carriage-frame.

93 is the carriage release-key, by pressing upon which the dogs hereinafter mentioned are disengaged from the rack 94, which is located on the under side of the rear bar of the carriage-frame.

95 is a type-bar lever having on its forward end a key 96, and on its rear end a half-circle bearing 97, which is pressed against the pivot-rod 61 by the tension of the spring 98. The type-bar lever is connected by a rod 98 to the type-bar in the usual manner.

99 is a rock-shaft journaled in the lower plate O of the main frame, extending from.

one side of said plate to the other side. This rock-shaft carries near each end a rearwardlyprojecting arm 100, rigidly connected to said shaft. At about the center of the shaft and madeintegral with it are two arms 101 and 102, the former inclined slightly downward and extending toward the front of the machine and the latter inclined slightly upward and extending tothe rear. The arms and 102 are rigidly connected by a rod 103, which is parallel with the rock-shaft, and the top part of which, in its normal position, rests against the under side of the type-bar levers by reason of the tension of the springs 104:.

105 are lugs extending rearwardly and upwardly from the back of the top plate A and in line with each other.

100 is a shaft passing through the upper part of said lugs on which the dogs 107 and 108 are journaled.

109 is a spring having one end connected to the lug 105, its other end attached to the dog 107 andits intermediate portion wrapped around the shaft 106.

110 is a corresponding spring attached to ICO the dog 108. The tension of the spring tends l rod 103, in which lug the push -pawl 114 is to press the dogs upwardly and allow them to fit into the notches on the rack,'as hereinafter described. The dogs 107 and 108 are so journaled on the shaft 106 that they may have a movement up and down, but no lateral movement.

111 is a rod passing through a hole in the top plate A, connecting the dog 108 with the arm 101 near its forward end, and 112 is arod also passing through the top plate A, connect ing the dog 107 with arm 102 nearits rear end.

When the machine is in its normal condition, the dog 107 is in engagement with one of the notches on the rack 94 and the dog 108 is disengaged, with its upper edge opposite the center of the recess or notch between two of the teeth on the rack. (See Fig. 6.) When the type-bar lever 95 is depressed by pressure upon the key 96, the type-bar is caused to strike the printing-center, the arm 103 to be depressed, the arm 102 to be rocked downwardly, and the arm 101 to be rocked upwardly. This rocking of the arms 102 and 1.01 causes the rod 112 to move downward and the rod 111 to move upwardly, and consequently causes the dog 107 to be disengaged from the recess or notch on the rack 94, with which it is engaged, the dog 108 to bebrought into engagement with the notch to which it is opposite on said rack, and the upper edge of the dog 107 to be opposite the notch next succeeding to'that with which it was previously engaged. When the key 96 is released, the arms 102 and 101 are brought back to their normal position by means of the springs 104, and consequently the dog 108 is released and the dog 107 engages with the recess next succeeding to that with which it was previously engaged, the carriage in the meantime being continually under tension from right to left by reason of the force of the carriagetension spring. By the above operation the carriage has been moved one step or one letter-space to the left, and the platen is ready to receive the next stroke of the type-.

bar. Bya continuationof said operation the carriage is given a step-by-step movement by the pressure upon and release of each of the type-bar-le ver keys. The object of the above construction, besides providing the paper-carriage with the usual step-by-step movement, is that it enables the operator to stop the carriage when moved from left to right, as hereinafter indicated, exactly at the point where he desires to strike the line. There is no substantial reflex movement of the carriage after the pressure is taken from the carriage when moving it from left to right, the dogs 107 and 108 having no lateral movement, thus enabling the operator to strike the line exactly where he desires to without being obliged to guess at it and without being obliged to move the carriage beyond the point where he desires to write, and then to allow the carriage to move back to the writing-point.

113 is a lug extending upwardly from the" pivoted.

is a fiat curved spring, having one end attached to the lug 112, extending upwardly and its other end bearing against the pushpawl 114 to keep it in engagement with the teeth on the ratchet-wheel 115 116 is a plate pivoted at its upper part toa plate 117, rigidly attached to the under side of the top plate A.

118 are lugs projecting downwardly and rearwardly from the plate 116, in line with each other, and having bearings 119 for the ratchet-wheel shaft 120.

121isaspring-pawlhaving one end attached to the top of the plate 116 and its other end in engagement with the teeth on the ratchetwheel 115 for the purpose of keeping said ratchet-wheel stationary after it has been rotated by the push-paw1114. Each end of the ratchet-wheel shaft is provided with a wormgear 122.

123 are arms projecting rearwardly from the rear standards B in line with each other and provided with guide-slots 124, in which the ratchet-wheel shaft is free to have a movement up and down, and which prevent it from any possible movement sidewise.

125 are the ribbon-spools on each side of the machine splined to the shaft 126, which is journaled in the collar 127 on the lug or arm 128.

129 is a cog wheel or pinion on the rear end of the shaft 126 adapted to mesh with the worm-gear 122.

130 are ribbon-guides consisting of two thin curved strips of metal connected by the rods 130*,journaled on the bail 131, which extends around a portion of the top plate A, and is free to move back and forth in the collars 132 attached to the top plate A. The lower portions of the ribbon-guides when in their normal position extend downward outside of the ribbon-spool, as shown in Fig. 9. They may, however, be raised so as to clear the ribbon-spool when it is desired to remove the spool from its shaft.

133 arestop-collars on the bail 131. This bail is provided with a handle portion 134.

135 are rollers journaled in the hangers 135, depending from and splined to the shaft 136 journaled in the collars 137 attached to the top plate A, and adapted to move laterally as the'ribbon-spools are moved laterally, as hereinafter set forth.

' 138 are lever-arms rigidly connected to the end of the shaft 136 and extending inwardly identical in construction and in line with each other.

139 are arms also identical in construction and pivoted to the rear standards 13 and extending rearwardly and adapted to bear up- I also tends to keep the roller 135 pressed firmly against the ribbon on the ribbon-spool. The upper part of the end of the arm 139 is cut away and adapted to receive the lower end of the detent-arm 141 pivoted to and hanging loosely from the top plate A, and having a hook-shaped projection 142 at its upper end.

143 is a pin extending horizontally toward the front of the machine from the detent-arm 13S and adapted to rest upon the ratchetwheel shaft 120 and keep it in proper position when the worm-gear is engaged with the cogwheel on the end of the shaft 126.

WVhen the type-bar lever is depressed by pressure upon the key 96 and the arm 102 is depressed as above stated, the push-pawl 114 is pulled down, and when the said key is released the arm 102 and the pawl 114 are caused to resume their normal positions, and

consequently the ratchet-wheel 115 is caused to rotate, (by the action of the push-pawl114,) which in turn by reason of the rotation of its shaft causes the worm-gear on the end of the ratchet-wheel shaft 120 to rotate a corresponding distance. The worm-gear is adapted to mesh with the cog-wheel 129, but is only in engagement at any one time with that co -wheel, the shaft of which carries a ribbonspool not having a quantity of ribbon wound thereon sufficient to cause the tripping mechanism, hereinafter explained, to act and disengage the worm-gear from the cog-Wheel on the ribbon-spool shaft. In other words the Worm-gear gives motion to the cog-wheel of that spool which is winding up the ribbon. As the type-bar levers are pressed down and released the worm-gear causes the ribbonspool shaft to rotateintermittently and thereby gradually unwind the ribbon from the spool the shaft of which is not in mesh with the worm-gear, and to wind upon the spool the shaft of which is in mesh with the wormgear, the ribbon passing over the ribbonguides in the usual manner. When this latter spool is full or sufficiently full, the roller 135, which is kept pressed by the action of the spring 140 against the ribbon, is gradually forced inward and, being splined to the shaft 136, causes the lever-arm 138 on said shaft to rock upwardly and strike the projection 142 and thereby trip the detent-arm 141 which holds the arm 139 down, thereby releasing the arm 139, which is pulled upward by the force of the spring 140 and pulls the shaft, which is journaled on the pivoted or oscillating plate 116, and carries the Wormgear upward, thereby disengaging the wormgear fromthe cog-wheel. As soon as this wormgear is thus disengaged the worm-gear 0n the other end of the ratchet-wheel shaft 120 is depressed and the arm 139 also depressed, thereby permitting the detent-arm 141 to engage with it and hold it down, the pin 143 sliding over the shaft 120 to keep itin proper position and permitting the wormgear to remain in engagement with the cogwheel until it is thrown out of engagement by the inward pressure of the ribbon upon the roller 135 and the cog-wh eel and ribbon-spool shaft on the opposite side of the machine caused to engage. In this manner the winding of the ribbon is automatically changed to be performed by the spools alternately when they become filled.

The objectof the mechanism the operation of which has just been described is to provide an automatic ribbon-feed acting first on one side of the machine and then automatically actingon the other side of the machine,

and so on alternately until it is desired to change the ribbon, and one that is simple in all its parts and certain and positive in its action. The operator has no need to handle the ribbon or ribbon-spool until it is necessary to renew the'ribbon. A further object of said mechanism is to provide a ribbonspool that may be readily and easily removed, either for the purpose of substituting a new ribbon or any otherdesired purpose, and also to provide a iibbon-spool that may be easily adjusted, so that if one part of the ribbon is worn out another part of the same ribbon may be brought into use without the neces sity of throwing the entire ribbon away. When it is desired to adjust the ribbonspool, so as to bring a fresh part of the ribbon into use, the bail 131 is pushed forward or pulled backward, as the'case may be. This causes the ribbon-guides 130 to move backward or forward, they being journaled on said bail which is provided with stop-collars 133. As the lower ends of the ribbon-guides overlap the ribbon-spools, the latter are caused to move laterally backward or for ward, thus bringing a different part of the ribbon into use. The rollers 135 being located within the ribbon-spools partake of the lateral movement of the ribbon-spools. When it is desired to remove the ribbonspool altogether for the purpose of putting on a new ribbon, the lower part of the ribbon-guides are raised. sufficiently to clear the ribbon-spools, the rollers pressed upwardly to clear the ribbonspools, and the spool withdrawn from its shaft to which it is splined. The operation in replacing the ribbon-spool is-the reverse of that last described. A further object and advantage of the above construction is that it permits the use of two ribbon-spools with different kinds of ribbone. 9., ribbons with different kinds of ink-without being obliged to unwind the entire spool or employ another machine. This may be done as shown in Fig. 9, by splining two spools on the ribbonshaft 126, which may be caused to move backward and forward in the same manner that one ribbon-spool is moved as above described.

144 is the cylinder-ratchet rigidly attached to the cylinderor platen shaft and adapted to rotate with it.

145 is a spring-pawl pivoted on the arm 42, on the right end of the platen-shaft and adapted to stop the cylinder after it has been rotated ,by the line-space pawl 146 pivoted t0 the arm 147, which is rigidly attached to the platen-shaft and extends downwardly toward the front of the machine.

'145 is an extension of the pawl 145 by downward pressure upon-which the pawl 145 may be disengaged from *the teeth on the ratchet 144.

148 is a coiled springhav'ing one end attached to the said arm 42 and the other end extending along the upper part of the arm 147. This spring tends to press the arm 147 downward, which is limited in its downward movement by the pin 149 on the pawl 146 striking against the pin 150 on the arm 43.

151 is a flat spring having'one end attached to the arm 147 and extending along its under side and. the other end bearing against a pin 152 projecting from the pawl 146. This spring tends to keep the said pawl in engagement with the teeth on the cylinder-ratchet 144.

153is the carriage-lever journaled in a collar in the top plate A, and having a lever-arm 154 adapted to engage with the arm 147.

155 is a pin on the arm 154 working in a slot 156 in the top plate Ato limit the upward and downward movement of said arm.-

The carriage is moved from left to right by the carriage-lever 153, the teeth on the rack 94 slipping over the dogs 107 and 108. When it is desired to begin a new line,the carriagelever is pulled toward the rightand the press-- ure continued until the carriage is brought to a full stop by the arm 5. This pull on the carriage-lever revolves the platen and carries the paper through into position for the next line. The carriage may be pushed to the right without changing the line at any time if the carriage-lever is not pulled far enough to the right to operate the cylinder-ratchet. The usual devices for making single or double line spaces may be utilized'on the carriage inthe well-known manner. I

The paper table or shelf 56 is attached to the lugs 11 by means of screws, and is provided with a flat top part 56", the object of which is to provide a table upon which the several sheets of paper used when manifoldiug may be easily adjusted and made ready for placing in the guide to the platen, thus obviating the necessity of using a table separate and apart from the machine.

157 is a type-hanger or series of hangers made in one piece and comprising asolid portion a, adapted to fit over the top of the typebar ring 158, and a bifurcated portion b projecting inwardly and downwardly from said solid portion and adapted to lie against the inside of the type-bar ring.

159 is a set-screw adapted to pass through the solid portion and to be secured in a hole drilled in the top of the type-bar ring. Each type-bar hanger has two type-bars mounted therein.

160 are type-bars having one end provided with upper and lower case letters arranged to strike a common center, and the other end provided with trunnions or rock-shafts c, having conical-shaped ends cl and e. The end 61 is journaled in a bearing in the part b and the end a is journaled in the adjusting bearing-screw f. This screw is provided with a square head and is for the purpose of taking at right angles to the length of the type-bar.-

The trunnions are so arranged with reference to each other that a vertical plane passing through the axis of one will intersect with a similar vertical plane passing through the axis of the other at apointintermediate the sides of the hanger. The object of this construction is to give an increased bearing for the type-bars. Each type-bar is provided at its upper end with a rearward crank-arm which is connected to the key-lever and operated in the ordinary way. 7

What I claim, and desire to secure by Le tters Patent, is

1. In a type writing machine, the combination with a laterally movablecarriage and means actuated from the key board for giving it step by step movement, of a platen mounted on said carriage and adapted to have a limited rotary movement (independent of theline spacing movement) to expose the writing toyiew, a key on the key board, and operative connections between said key and the platen adapted to rotate the platen to expose the writing to view without interfering with the free step by step lateral movement of the carriage, substantially as set forth.

2. In a type writing machine a carriage capable of step by step lateral feed movement for printing purposes, and of being shifted from lower to upper case printing position It is made sufficiently large to and vice versa, and means for imparting said movements to the same, of a platen mounted on said carriage and capable of limited rotary movement (independent of the line spacing movement) to expose the printing to View, a key on the keyboard and operating connections between said key and platen adapted to rotate the platen to expose the writing to view without interfering with either the feed or the shifting movement of the carriage substantially as set forth.

3. In a typewriting machine a hinged carriage capable of being turned up and back, a platen mounted thereon and adapted to have a limited rotary movement (independent of the line spacing movement) to expose the Writing to view, and means for prod uoing such movement of the platen operated from the keyboard and so connectedtothe platen and key board respectively as to permit the carriage to turn on its hinge without impediment, substantially as set forth.

4. In a type writing machine a hinged carriage capable of being turned up, means for shifting said carriage from upper to lower case and vice versa, a platen mounted on said carriage and capable of limited rotary movement (independent of the line spacing movement) to expose the writing to view and means for producing such movement of the platen operated from the key board and so connected to the platen, keyboard, and carriage respectively, as to follow the saidshifting movement of the carriage, but at the same time to permit the carriage to turn on its hinge without impediment.

5. In combination with the hinged carriage and platen mounted thereon and adapted to have limited rotary movement to expose the writing thereon, the tilting rod 19, the hooked tilting arm the cam on said arm, the stud 78 and a support therefor and the spring 79 by which the cam and stud are drawn together, substantially as set forth.

6. In combination with the hinged carriage the platen mounted thereon and adapted to have limited rotary movement to expose the writing thereon, and means for shifting said carriage from upper to lower case and vice versa, the tilting rod 19, the hooked tilting arm}? the cam on said arm, the stud 78 mounted on a reciprocablc bar connected to the carriageshifting mechanism, and the spring 79, substantially as and for the purposes hereinbefore set forth.

7. In a type writing machine the combination with a carriage and a platen mounted thereon and capable of a movement of partial rotation (independent of the line spacing movement) to expose the printing to view, of a bail or tilting rod in operative connection with said carriage, a key on the key board, a hook rod connected to the key and adapted when the latter is depressed to pull down the bail or tilting rod, and a lock for maintaining the platen normally in fixed position,substantially as hereinbefore set forth.

8. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a platen adapted to tilt or oscillate, means, consisting substantially of a keylever operated by a key on the key-board, a tilting arm 70, operative connections between said key-lever and tilting arm, a tilting rod 19 supported upon the carriage frame and having an arm 1 1 provided with a projection adapted to travel in a cam-slot on the arm 41, for tilting the platen, and means for returning said platen to its original position, substantially as described.

9. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a movable shift-rod, a carriage capable of being moved endwise, having its rear end supported on said shift-rod and its front end provided with a roller whose bearing lies at all times in the same plane as that of said carriage, a fixed support'uponwhich said roller may either slide lengthwise or crosswise, and means for shifting said shift-rod back and forth for the printing of capitals, substantially as described.

10. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a forwardly and rearwardly movable shift rod, a carriage capable of being moved endwise, provided with a collar on its rear end adapted to slide along on said shift-rod and having its frontend provided with a roller whose bearing lies at all times in the same plane as that of said carriage, a fixed support upon which said roller may either slide lengthwise or crosswise, and means for shifting said shift-rod back and forth for the printing of capitals, substantially as de scribed.

11. In a type-writing machine, the combina tion of a movable shift rod, rocker arms on which said rod is mounted, a carriage, capable of being moved endwise, having its ,rear end supported on said shift rod and its front end provided with a roller whose bearinglies at all times in the same plane as that of said carriage, a fixed support upon which said roller may slide either lengthwise or crosswise and means for rocking said arms back and forth, substantially as described and for the purposes set forth.

12. In atype'writingmachine, the combination ofa carriage, a tilting or oscillating platen mounted thereon, means for shifting said carriage for the printing of capitals, means for tilting or oscillating said platen and operative connections between the said shifting and tilting mechanism, substantially as described.

13. In a typewvriting machine, the combination of a platen, cylinder ratchet, the arm 42, a spring pawl 1415, arm' 147, pawl 14.6, and means for limiting the downward movement of the arm 117, substantially as described.

14. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a platen, cylinder-ratchet, the arm 42, a spring pawl 145, a downwardly springpressed arm 1 17, an upwardly spring-pressed pawl 116, and means for limiting the downward movement of the arm 1 :7, and a carriage lever 153, substantially as described.

15. In atype-writing machine, the combination, with the main frame, of a plate pivoted thereon carrying a shaft adapted to oscillate and provided with a ratchet-wheel and gears, means for rotating said ratchet-wheel, and means whereby the gears may be thrown into and out of mesh with suitable gearing for operating the spools, substantially as described.

16. In a type-writing machine, the combination, with the main frame, of an oscillating plate mounted thereon and carrying a shaft provided with a ratchet-wheel and with gears, means for rotating said ratchet-wheel, and mechanism for tilting or oscillating said shaft and plate by pressure exerted by the ribbon, substantially as described.

17. In a type-writing machine, the combination, with the main frame, of a plate pivoted thereon carrying a shaft adapted to oscillate and provided with a ratchetwheel and gears, a pawl mounted on a rock-shaft, and

means whereby the gears may be thrown into and out of mesh with suitable gearing for operating the spools, substantially as described.

18. In a type-writing machine, the combination, with the main frame, of a tilting or oscillating plate carrying a shaft provided with a ratchet-wheel and gears and a device operated by pressure of the ribbon, and connecting mechanism between said device and said shaft, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

4 19. In a type-writing machine, the combination,with the main frame, of a tilting or OS; 

